From Wikipedia: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (/?ho?tn ?m?fl?n/[1]) is an educational and trade publisher in the United States. Headquartered in Bostons Back Bay it publishes textbooks instructional technology materials assessments reference works and fiction and non-fiction for both young readers and adults. ~~~ The company was formerly known as Houghton Mifflin Company but changed its name following the 2007 acquisition of Harcourt Publishing. Prior to March 2010 it was a subsidiary of Education Media and Publishing Group Limited an Irish-owned holding company registered in the Cayman Islands and formerly known as Riverdeep. ~~~ In 1961 Houghton Mifflin famously passed on Julia Childs Mastering the Art of French Cooking giving it up to Alfred A. Knopf who later published it in 1962. It went on to become an overnight success and is considered by many to be the bible of French cooking. Houghton Mifflins strategic error was depicted in the 2009 film Julie & Julia. ~~~ In 1967 Houghton Mifflin became a publicly traded company on the New York Stock Exchange under the stock symbol HTN. The company is currently privately held and no longer trades under this symbol. ~~~ During the 1990s Houghton Mifflin acquired both McDougal Littell an educational publisher of secondary school materials and D.C. Heath and Company a publisher of supplemental educational resources. In 1996 the company created their Great Source Education Group to combine the supplemental material product lines of their School Division and these two companies.